Essay · 美文

To Autumn

秋颂

John Keats · 1820

济慈 1820 年的《秋颂》——公认英语诗歌中最完美的作品之一。三节诗对应秋天的三个画面：果实丰熟、收割小憩、暮色将尽。济慈不写感伤，只是让秋天自己说话：每一颗果子熟到果心，每一只蜜蜂都以为夏天永不会结束。

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mellow /ˈmel.əʊ/

adj. （果实）成熟甘美的；（色彩、声音）柔和的

The autumn light turned soft and mellow.

fruitfulness /ˈfruːt.fəl.nəs/

n. 丰饶；果实累累的状态

The whole valley was a picture of fruitfulness.

conspire /kənˈspaɪər/

v. （此处拟人）合谋、协力——秋与太阳一同让万物丰熟

Sun and rain seemed to conspire to ripen the fields.

kernel /ˈkɜː.nəl/

n. 果仁；籽粒（果壳里柔软可食的部分）

She cracked the shell to reach the sweet kernel.

granary /ˈɡræn.ər.i/

n. 谷仓；粮仓

After the harvest, the granary was full.

winnowing /ˈwɪn.əʊ.ɪŋ/

adj./v. 扬谷的（用风把谷壳与谷粒分开）

The winnowing wind carried the chaff away.

gleaner /ˈɡliː.nər/

n. 拾穗者（收割后到田里捡拾遗落谷穗的人）

A gleaner moved slowly across the bare field.

stubble /ˈstʌb.əl/

n. （庄稼收割后留在地里的）残茬

The stubble plains glowed gold in the evening sun.

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Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

雾气弥漫、果实丰熟的季节，

Close bosom friend of the maturing sun;

你是催熟万物的太阳最亲密的挚友；

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

与他一同谋划，如何用累累硕果

With fruit the vines that round the thatch eaves run;

压满那绕着茅檐攀爬的藤蔓；

To bend with apples the mossed cottage trees,

让苹果把长满青苔的农舍果树压弯，

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;

让每一颗果子都熟透到果心；

To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells

把葫芦催得饱胀，把榛子壳撑满

With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,

一粒香甜的果仁；还要催开更多

And still more, later flowers for the bees,

迟开的花，一朵接一朵，献给蜜蜂，

Until they think warm days will never cease,

直到它们以为温暖的日子永不会停，

For Summer has overbrimmed their clammy cells.

因为夏天早已把它们黏湿的蜂房注得满溢。

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?

谁不曾在你丰盈的谷仓里见过你的身影？

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find

有时，谁要是往外寻找，便会发现

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,

你正悠然坐在谷仓的地板上，

Thy hair softly lifted by the winnowing wind;

头发被扬谷的风轻轻掀起；

Or on a half reaped furrow sound asleep,

或在收割了一半的田垄上沉沉睡去，

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

被罂粟的气息熏得昏昏欲睡，镰刀停在手边，

Spares the next swath and all its twined flowers:

放过了下一垄庄稼和它缠绕的花朵；

And sometimes like a gleaner thou dost keep

有时你像个拾穗人，稳稳地

Steady thy laden head across a brook;

顶着满载的头，趟过一条小溪；

Or by a cider press, with patient look,

或守在榨果机旁，神情耐心，

Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours.

看着最后的果汁，一小时又一小时地滴落。

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are they?

春天的歌哪里去了？啊，它们在哪里？

Think not of them, thou hast thy music too,

别再想它们了，你也有你自己的乐音——

While barred clouds bloom the softly dying day,

当层层云霞把渐渐隐去的白昼染得绚烂，

And touch the stubble plains with rosy hue;

给收割后的田野抹上一层玫瑰色；

Then in a wailful choir the small gnats mourn

这时，一群小小的蚊蚋在哀婉的合唱里悲鸣，

Among the river sallows, borne aloft

停在河边的柳树间，被托举着升起

Or sinking as the light wind lives or dies;

又随轻风的起落而沉落；

And fully grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn;

长成的羊羔从山间的地界高声咩叫；

Hedge crickets sing; and now with treble soft

篱边的蟋蟀在歌唱；这时，红胸知更鸟

The redbreast whistles from a garden croft;

用柔和的高音，从园中的小屋边吹起口哨；

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

成群的燕子聚拢起来，在天空中啁啾。

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