Essay · 美文
The Gettysburg Address
葛底斯堡演说
1863 年 11 月 19 日，美国南北战争中最惨烈的葛底斯堡战役结束四个多月后，林肯总统在战场公墓奠基仪式上发表了这场仅 272 词、不到三分钟的演讲。它没有华丽辞藻，却以"民有、民治、民享"九个字定义了现代民主，被公认为英语世界最伟大的演讲之一。
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score
/skɔːr/
n.
二十；古英语用法（"four score and seven" = 87）
Four score and seven years ago means 87 years ago.
conceive
/kənˈsiːv/
v.
构想；以…为根本原则建立
The nation was conceived in liberty.
liberty
/ˈlɪb.ə.ti/
n.
自由；尤指政治自由
Give me liberty, or give me death.
dedicate
/ˈded.ɪ.keɪt/
v.
献身于；致力于；奉献给
He dedicated his life to public service.
proposition
/ˌprɒp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/
n.
主张；命题；待证明的论断
All men are created equal — that is the proposition.
endure
/ɪnˈdjʊər/
v.
持续存在；经受得住
Can a free nation long endure?
consecrate
/ˈkɒn.sɪ.kreɪt/
v.
使神圣；为…举行祝圣仪式
We cannot consecrate this ground.
hallow
/ˈhæl.əʊ/
v.
使神圣化；尊为神圣
The brave have already hallowed this ground.
detract
/dɪˈtrækt/
v.
贬低；减损（价值或意义）
Nothing can detract from their courage.
perish
/ˈper.ɪʃ/
v.
消亡；灭亡
Government of the people shall not perish from the earth.
resolve
/rɪˈzɒlv/
v.
下定决心；郑重决定
We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain.
in vain
/ɪn ˈveɪn/
phr.
白白地；徒劳地
Their sacrifice was not in vain.
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Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
八十七年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上建立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的信念。
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.
如今，我们正在进行一场伟大的内战，考验着这个国家，或任何一个孕育于同样信念、奉行同样原则的国家，是否能够长久存续。
We are met on a great battlefield of that war.
我们今天聚集在这场战争的一处大战场上。
We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
我们来到这里，把这战场的一角献给那些为捍卫这个国家而献出生命的人，作为他们最后的安息之地。
It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
我们这样做，是完全恰当且应该的。
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.
然而，从更广的意义上说，我们无法奉献，无法祝圣，也无法使这片土地神圣。
The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.
在这里奋战过的勇士，无论活着的还是逝去的，都已使它神圣，远非我们微薄之力所能增减。
The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.
世界不会过多注意，也不会长久铭记我们今天在这里所说的话，但它永远无法忘记他们在这里所做的事。
It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.
毋宁说，是我们这些活着的人，应当在此献身于那些在这里奋战过的人所英勇推进、尚未完成的事业。
It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,
毋宁说，是我们应当在此献身于摆在我们面前的伟大任务,
that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion,
从这些光荣的死者身上，我们要汲取更多的忠诚——为他们倾尽一切而献身的那份事业,
that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain,
我们在此庄严决定：让这些死者不会白白死去,
that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom,
让这个国家在上帝庇佑下迎来自由的新生,
and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
让民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。
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